Like fish, penguins have streamlined, torpedo-shaped bodies and swim easily underwater however, they are indisputably birds, members of the order Sphenisciformes, which consists of a single family, the Spheniscidae. Ninteenth-century French explorer Dumont d'Urville described penguins as "fish-birds" when he first spotted them in Antarctic waters. Marine coastal areas of the southern hemisphere one species found at the equatorĮndangered: 3 species Vulnerable: 7 species Lower Risk: 2 speciesĬool waters of the southern hemisphere, including coastal Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, and South America and the Falkland Islands one species occurs at the equator, on the Galápagos Islands Evolution and systematics Medium to large flightless seabirds with streamlined bodies adapted for swimming and diving underwaterġ7.7–51.2 in (45–130 cm) 1.8–88 lb (842 g–40 kg)
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